Incidencia de demencia de inicio precoz en Mar de Plata / ncidence of early-onset dementia in Mar del Plata

Introducción: La demencia de inicio precoz (DIP) se define como demencia con una edad de inicio antes de los 65 años. La DIP está siendo cada vez más reconocida como un importante problema clínico y social, con consecuencias devastadoras para los pacientes y para las personas que cuidan de ellos. Objetivo: Determinar la tasa de incidencia bruta anual y las tasas de incidencia específicas por sexo y edad de pacientes con DIP, y la tasa estandarizada al último Censo Nacional de Población de Argentina (CNPA) del año 2010. Materiales y métodos: En el Hospital Privado de Comunidad, Mar del Plata, Argentina, se atiende a una población cerrada con atención médica exclusiva de 17.614 personas; de estos pacientes se extrajeron todos aquellos con diagnóstico de DIP, de la base de datos del Servicio de Atención a la Tercera Edad del hospital, desde el 1 de enero del 2005 hasta el 31 de diciembre del 2011. Se definió DIP a la demencia diagnosticada antes de los 65 años. Resultados: Durante el período de estudio, se registraron 14 pacientes con diagnóstico de DIP, de un total de 287 pacientes evaluados por queja de memoria. La tasa de incidencia anual bruta de DIP fue de 11 por 100.000 habitantes/año (IC del 95%, 6,25-19,1), 17 por 100.000 (IC del 95%, 7,2-33,1) en hombres y de 8 por 100.000 (IC del 95%, 3,4-17,2) en mujeres. Se observó un incremento estadísticamente significativo al comparar las tasas de incidencia entre pacientes de 21 a < 55 años y ≥ 55 a < 65 años (3 vs. 22 por 100.000; p = 0,0014). La tasa ajustada al CNPA fue de 5,8 casos de DATE por 100.000 habitantes/año. Conclusión: El presente trabajo, basado en una población cerrada, mostró que la tasa de incidencia anual de DIP fue de 11 por 100.000 habitantes/año, y a nuestro saber constituye el primer estudio prospectivo epidemiológico en Argentina y América Latin

Introduction: Early-onset dementia (EOD) is defined as dementia with onset before the age of 65 years. EOD is increasingly recognised as an important clinical and social problem with devastating consequences for patients and caregivers. Objective: Determine the annual crude incidence rate and the specific incidence rates by sex and age in patients with EOD, and the standardised rate using the last national census of the population of Argentina (NCPA), from 2010. Materials and methods: Hospital Privado de Comunidad, Mar del Plata, Argentina, attends a closed population and is the sole healthcare provider for 17 614 people. Using the database pertaining to the Geriatric Care department, we identified all patients diagnosed with EOD between 1 January, 2005 and 31 December, 2011. EOD was defined as dementia diagnosed in patients younger than 65. Results: The study period yielded 14 patients diagnosed with EOD out of a total of 287 patients evaluated for memory concerns. The crude annual incidence of EOD was 11 per 100 000/year (CI 95%: 6.25-19.1): 17 per 100 000 (CI 95%: 7.2-33.1) in men and 8 per 100 000 (CI 95%: 3.4-17.2) in women. We observed a statistically significant increase when comparing incidence rates between patients aged 21 to <55 years and ≥55 to <65 years (3 vs 22 per 100 000, P=.0014). The rate adjusted by NCPA census data was 5.8 cases of EOD habitants/year. Conclusion: This study, conducted in a closed population, yielded an EOD incidence rate of 11 per 100 000 inhabitants/year. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first prospective epidemiological study in Argentina and in Latin America

Incidence of early-onset dementia in Mar del Plata.

INTRODUCTION: Early-onset dementia (EOD) is defined as dementia with onset before the age of 65 years. EOD is increasingly recognised as an important clinical and social problem with devastating consequences for patients and caregivers. OBJECTIVE: Determine the annual crude incidence rate and the specific incidence rates by sex and age in patients with EOD, and the standardised rate using the last national census of the population of Argentina (NCPA), from 2010. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hospital Privado de Comunidad, Mar del Plata, Argentina, attends a closed population and is the sole healthcare provider for 17 614 people. Using the database pertaining to the Geriatric Care department, we identified all patients diagnosed with EOD between 1 January, 2005 and 31 December, 2011. EOD was defined as dementia diagnosed in patients younger than 65. RESULTS: The study period yielded 14 patients diagnosed with EOD out of a total of 287 patients evaluated for memory concerns. The crude annual incidence of EOD was 11 per 100 000/year (CI 95%: 6.25-19.1): 17 per 100 000 (CI 95%: 7.2-33.1) in men and 8 per 100 000 (CI 95%: 3.4-17.2) in women. We observed a statistically significant increase when comparing incidence rates between patients aged 21 to <55 years and ≥ 55 to <65 years (3 vs 22 per 100 000, P=.0014). The rate adjusted by NCPA census data was 5.8 cases of EOD habitants/year. CONCLUSION: This study, conducted in a closed population, yielded an EOD incidence rate of 11 per 100 000 inhabitants/year. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first prospective epidemiological study in Argentina and in Latin America.

[Mild cognitive impairment: the neuropsychological characteristics of the different subtypes]. / Deterioro cognitivo leve: caracteristicas neuropsicologicas de los distintos subtipos.

AIM: To evaluate the frequency of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subtypes and their neuropsychological characteristics in our population, and estimate the change in this frequency according to the extension of the neuropsychological examination. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with diagnostic of MCI were included from 01/01/2003 to 31/12/2007. MCI was classified as MCI-amnestic type (MCI-AT), MCI-multiple domain type (MCI-MDT) and MCI-single domain non amnestic (MCI-MNOA). A neuropsychological test was considered abnormal if its result was equal or less than 1.5 standard deviations from what expected for age and educational level. The cohort was divided in short evaluation (less than 14 test, from 2003-2005) and basic-extended evaluation (equal or more than 14 test, from 2006-2007). RESULTS: Out of 204 patients included, 51 (26%) were classified as MCI-AT, 11 (5,4%) as MCI-MNOA and 142 (69,9%) as MCI-MDT. A higher educational level was associated with an increase in the number of MCI-MDT. The longer the evaluation, the greater was the proportion of MCI-MDT and MCI-MNOA and the lower the proportion of MCI-AT, without statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: The most frequent MCI subtype was MCI-MDT. A more extended evaluation would allow a better classification of MCI subtypes and increase the number of MCI-MDT and MCI-MNOA at the expense of MCI-AT.

Deterioro cognitivo leve: características neuropsicológicas de los distintos subtipos / Mild Cognitive impairment: The Neuropsychological characteristics of the different sybtypes

Resumen. Objetivo. Evaluar, en nuestra población, la frecuencia de los subtipos de deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL) y sus características neuropsicológicas, y estimar la variación de esta frecuencia según la extensión de la evaluación. Pacientes y métodos. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de DCL entre el 1 de enero de 2003 y el 31 de diciembre de 2007. Los subtipos de DCL se clasificaron como DCL amnésico (DCL-a), DCL monodominio no amnésico (DCL-mnoa) y DCL multidominio (DCL-mult). Se consideró una prueba neuropsicológica afectada cuando el resultado correspondía a igual o menos de 1,5 desviaciones estándares ajustadas a la edad y nivel educacional. Se dividió la cohorte de pacientes en evaluación menor a la básica (menos de 14 pruebas, del 2003 al 2005) y evaluación básica-ampliada (igual o más de 14 pruebas, del 2006 al 2007). Resultados. Del total de 204 pacientes, 51 (26%) correspondieron a DCL-a, 11 (5,4%) a DCL-mnoa y 142 (69,6%) a DCL-mult. Se observó una tendencia hacia una mayor proporción de DCL-mult a mayor nivel educativo. A mayor extensión de la evaluación neuropsicológica, se halló una mayor proporción de DCL-mult y DCL-mnoa, a expensas de una disminución del número de DCL-a, sin alcanzar una significancia estadística. Conclusiones. El subtipo más frecuente fue el DCL-mult. La extensión de la evaluación redundaría en una mejor clasificación de los subtipos y, posiblemente, en un aumento del número de DCL-mult y DCL-mnoa, a expensas de DCL-a. (AU)

Summary. Aim. To evaluate the frequency of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subtypes and their neuropsychological characteristics in our population, and estimate the change in this frequency according to the extension of the neuropsychological examination. Patients and methods. Patients with diagnostic of MCI were included from 01/01/2003 to 31/12/2007. MCI was classified as MCI-amnestic type (MCI-AT), MCI-multiple domain type (MCI-MDT) and MCI-single domain non amnestic (MCI-MNOA). A neuropsychological test was considered abnormal if its result was equal or less than 1.5 standard deviations from what expected for age and educational level. The cohort was divided in short evaluation (less than 14 test, from 2003-2005) and basic-extended evaluation (equal or more than 14 test, from 2006-2007). Results. Out of 204 patients included, 51 (26%) were classified as MCI-AT, 11 (5,4%) as MCI-MNOA and 142 (69,9%) as MCI-MDT. A higher educational level was associated with an increase in the number of MCI-MDT. The longer the evaluation, the greater was the proportion of MCI-MDT and MCI-MNOA and the lower the proportion of MCI-AT, without statistical significance. Conclusions. The most frequent MCI subtype was MCI-MDT. A more extended evaluation would allow a better classification of MCI subtypes and increase the number of MCI-MDT and MCI-MNOA at the expense of MCI-AT (AU)